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人类基因组25周年国际研讨会,讲者金句来了!

2026年09月03日



25 Years of the Human Genome




1990年,人类基因组计划正式启动。2001年2月,人类基因组序列草图首次发表。25年后的今天,我们为何要回望并致敬这一里程碑?


8月24日,“25 Years of the Human Genome”国际研讨会在昌平实验室开幕。30余位顶尖学者齐聚北京,用两天时间回答一个问题:基因组学如何改变了世界,又将走向何方?


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昌平实验室主任

谢晓亮 教授



“事后看来,人类基因组计划与曼哈顿计划、阿波罗计划并列,是科学史上最成功的重大工程之一。”
“In hindsight, the Human Genome Project stands alongside the Manhattan Project and the Apollo Program as one of the most successful mega-projects in the history of science.”


“这本天书的破译,推动了生物学和医学几乎所有领域的发展。”
“The decoding of this heaven book has brought advances to almost every aspect in all fields of biology and medicine.”



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《自然》主编

Magdalena Skipper



“人类基因组证明某些伟大的事业只有通过多中心国际合作才能实现。”
“Certain great things are only possible as a result of multi-center international collaborations.”



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《科学》主编

Holden Thorp



“我们曾以为人类基因组草图发表会解答很多疑问。的确如此,但它带来的问题比答案更多——而这些问题,在序列完成之前我们根本不会知道它们的存在。” 
“We thought it would answer a lot of questions. It did, but it gave us more questions than answers. They are questions we never would have known about in the first place before the sequence was done.”



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前美国国家人类基因组研究所主任、人类基因组计划核心参与者

Eric Green



“人类基因组计划耗时六年完成第一个基因序列的测序,如今全球平均每六秒就有一个人类基因序列被测定——这一变化令人惊叹。”

“Probably more accurate to say: We went from taking 6 years to generate the first sequence of the human genome to now sequencing a human genome, on average, every 6 seconds. That is just truly remarkable.”


“人类基因组计划在2003年完成之时,便又开启了将基因组洞察转化为治病救人药物的又一段新旅程。”

“It would be more descriptive to say: The Human Genome Project’s finish line in 2003 immediately became the starting line for a journey that is now bringing genomics into medicine.”



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人类基因组计划中国任务领导者

杨焕明 教授



“属于所有人,由所有人参与,由所有人共享。”

“Owned by all, joined by all, shared by all.”


“如果说华大有什么经验可以分享,那不是分享一切,而是合作、合作、再合作。”
“If there's any experience that BGI can share, it's not about sharing everything, but about collaboration, collaboration, and more collaboration.”



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无创产前检测技术发明人、香港中文大学校长

卢煜明 教授



“人类基因组计划”奠定了解读血浆游离DNA的科学基础。在此基础上,我们率先研发无创产前基因检测(NIPT),为全球孕产妇提供安全、高效的产前筛查解决方案。”

“The Human Genome Project has laid the scientific foundation for interpreting cell-free DNA in plasma. Building on this foundation, we have pioneered noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), providing a safe and effective prenatal screening solution for pregnant women worldwide.”



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杰克逊实验室教授、基因组技术主任

Mark Adams



“这是基因组学领域的一个辉煌时代。我会说,这是充满乐趣的,也充满压力的。”

“It was a great time to be in genomics. I will say it was a lot of fun, it was a lot of stress.”


基因组学本质上是一门依赖协作的科学,需要汇聚多元视角。主动寻求并倾听那些与你观点相异的声音,至关重要。

“Genomics really is a team science. It takes many perspectives. Find and listen to people who have different perspectives from yours.”



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纽约大学教授、前美国能源部生物与环境研究办公室主任

Aristides Patrinos 



“我是他们俩的朋友。我知道他们身边都有非常忠诚的同事,他们都非常希望自己的‘那一边’能赢。我觉得,如果当时真的分出胜负,那将是一场灾难。而我们把结果定为平局——这正是我们所做到的——展现了成熟,并带来了一场庆祝,而不是一场丑陋的争斗。”

"I was a friend of both of them. I was aware that they were surrounded by their very loyal colleagues who very much wanted their men to win. I felt that it could have been a disaster if that had happened, calling the outcome a tie, which is what we accomplished showed maturity and led to a celebration rather than an ugly battle."



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新一代测序技术先驱

Jonathan Rothberg 教授



“如果它能挽救你所爱之人的生命,那么最重要的就不是技术本身的细节,而是这项技术的应用能为人们带来什么。”

“If it saves the life of somebody you love, what matters most isn’t the details of the technology itself, but what the application of that technology can do for people.”


“我完全没有预料到单细胞基因组学会如此重要——它对科学竟有如此深远的影响。那是我最大的意外。

“I completely missed how big single cell genomics would be and how important it would be to science. That was my big surprise.”



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大规模人群队列、统计学和AI专家

林希虹 教授



“人工智能无法解决所有问题。我们需要做的是结合观察数据、人工智能以及统计学,来加速发现。”
“AI cannot solve all the problems. What we need to do is basically leverage the observed data plus the AI and also plus the statistics in order to accelerate the discovery.”


“目标不仅仅是有所发现,而是要确保发现是真实的。”
“So the goal is not to just have a discovery, but this had to be a true discovery.”



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福清队列领导者、福建医科大学副校长

叶为民 教授



“目前已有的大多数队列都来自欧洲人群,缺乏亚洲和世界其他地区的数据。未来,我认为我们需要建立一个具有完全代表性的队列。”
“So for most of the cohorts we are currently studying, they are from European populations. We lack Asian data and data from other parts of the world. In the future, I think we need to build a cohort that is fully representative.”



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癌症基因组学权威、原威康桑格研究所

Peter Campbell 教授



“重要的不是预测,而是干预。我们应该思考的不是试图检测癌症,而是真正预防癌症。”
“It's not just about prediction. It's about intervention. What we should be thinking about is not just trying to detect cancer, but actually prevent it.”


“癌症并非体细胞进化的唯一归宿。其中一些选择实际上可能预防癌症。”

“Cancer is not the only destination of somatic evolution. Some of this selection may actually protect against cancer.”



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人类大脑细胞图谱领军学者、卡罗林斯卡学院

Sten Linnarsson 教授



“五年或十年内治愈所有疾病——我认为这被极度夸大了。这可能适得其反。”

"Curing all disease within 5 or 10 years — I think that's just vastly overhyped. I think it's a bit counterproductive."


“如果有一个机器人能走进实验室,从冰箱取出试剂,拧开试管盖,成功完成细胞培养实验——那我认为我们就成功了。”

“If we have a robot that can walk into the lab, take out reagents from the freezer, unscrew Eppendorf tubes, and run a cell culture experiment successfully — then I think we're there.”



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人类DNA甲基化图谱专家、索尔克生物研究所

Joseph Ecker 教授



“转座子看起来完全像转录组簇——它们是古老的调控元件,继续成为基因的一部分。”
“Transposable elements look exactly like transcriptome clusters. These are the ancient elements that continue to become part of genes.”



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泛癌单细胞图谱领导者、重庆医科大学校长

张泽民 教授



“癌症不是单一疾病,而是数千种疾病的集合体。”
“Cancer is not one single disease, it's thousands of diseases.”


“就像元素周期表对化学至关重要一样,如果你想了解疾病组织内部发生了什么,你需要一个肿瘤内所有细胞类型的目录。”

“Just like the periodic table is fundamental to chemistry, if you want to understand what's going on inside diseased tissue, you need a catalog of all the cell types within the tumor.”



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圣路易斯华盛顿大学

王艇教授



“尽管当前的人类参考基因组组装质量极高,影响深远,但它存在关键局限——它是一个伪基因组,代表的是单一嵌合单倍型。人类泛基因组计划正在构建真实个体的、已分相位的、端粒到端粒的二倍体基因组组装,以代表广泛的人类遗传多样性。”

“Despite being extremely high quality and impactful, the current human reference genome has key limitations—it is a fake genome representing a single mosaic haplotype. The human pangenome project is constructing phased, telomere-to-telomere diploid genome assemblies of actual individuals that represent broad human genetic diversity.”


“人类泛基因组计划不仅仅是自然科学项目,它也是一个社会科学项目,伦理和法律问题至关重要。”

“Human pan genome project, it's also a social science project. Ethical and legal issues are very, very important for us to consider.”



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测序技术专家,昌平实验室领衔科学家、北京大学

黄岩谊 教授



“DNA 是信息的源头,测序仪是信息传递的通道。”

“DNA is the information source; the sequencer is the communication channel.”


“在这一过程中我感受到了产业驱动的工程力量,与基础研究的科学之美”

“Through this journey I have enjoyed both the power of industry-driven engineering and the elegance of basic research.”


“我们希望通过耗材复用和化学创新,让测序成本不再成为大规模基因组学的障碍。”
“We aim to make cost no longer a barrier for large-scale genomics through consumable reuse and chemical innovation.”



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单细胞测序技术开拓者,昌平实验室领衔科学家、北京大学

汤富酬 教授



“没有参考基因组作为‘坐标系统’,单细胞数据就无法被精准解读。”

“Without the reference genome as a 'coordinate system', single-cell data cannot be accurately interpreted.”


“单细胞技术将基因组学从组织平均值推进到单个细胞的分辨率。”

“Single-cell technologies push genomics from tissue averages to single-cell resolution.”



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加州大学旧金山分校

Nadav Ahituv 教授



 “非编码区不是‘垃圾’,而是疾病的调控开关。”
“Non-coding regions are not 'junk', but regulatory switches of disease.”


“我们不仅能修复基因,还能让细胞为争夺营养而‘饿死’肿瘤。”
“We can not only fix genes, but also make cells 'starve' tumors by competing for nutrients.”



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浙江大学

阮一骏 教授



“三维结构不是静态的脚手架,而是转录调控的动态平台。”
“3D structure is not a static scaffold, but a dynamic platform for transcriptional regulation.”


“那些线性上相距遥远的基因,在空间上常常可以聚集成簇,这为协同转录提供了结构基础。”

“Distant genes located within the nearby regions are not really transcribed independently; instead, they actually often can be clustered together in a proximity of spatial space, therefore providing the structural basis for coordinated transcription.”



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西湖大学

许田 教授



“人工智能被低估了。它将极大地改变一切——被低估的是创造力。”

“AI is underestimated. It's going to dramatically change everything. The underestimated part is creativity.”



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华大集团首席研究员

徐讯 博士



“中国人群的基因组数据补全了全球基因组多样性的重要拼图。”

“The Chinese population genomic data completes a critical puzzle piece of global genomic diversity.”



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GV20 Therapeutics联合创始人兼首席执行官

刘小乐 博士



我们的见解是—用中文来说:毒蛇出没之处,七步之内必有解药。用英文来说:每个肿瘤内部都藏着战胜它的武器。

“Inside every tumor lies the weapons to defeat it.”


“我们利用AI收获自然的工程奇迹——与其翻遍那堆庞大的干草堆,不如用AI筛选出一份精炼的候选清单。”

“We use AI to harvest nature's engineering wonders. Instead of looking at a quintillion-size haystack, we just need to use AI to sort a curated short list.”



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冷泉港实验室

Peter Koo 教授



“理解细胞以及基因组如何控制细胞,我认为是终极的黑箱。”

“Understanding the cell and how the genome controls it, I would say, is the ultimate black box.”



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昌平实验室领衔科学家、北京大学

曹云龙 教授



癌症早筛技术的性能随着数据的不断积累一定会打磨完善,然而想要在国家层面推进人群早期癌症筛查,卫生经济学这笔帐得算清楚。”
“The performance of cancer early screening technologies will undoubtedly be refined as data continues to accumulate. However, to advance population-level early cancer screening at the populational level, the health economics must be carefully calculated.”



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昌平实验室领衔科学家

陈明辰 研究员



“借助昌平实验室开发的创新高通量实验技术,我们得以设计AI模型,去探索那些尚未被充分研究的转录因子。”

“With innovative experimental high throughput technique developed at CPL, we are able to design Al to explore the understudied transcription factors.”


“低质量数据也很有用,取决于我们如何使用它。”

“The low quality data is also useful, but depending on the way how we use it.”



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亿康基因创始人兼首席执行官

陆思嘉 博士



“从0到1更多靠的是技术、临床需求以及与临床端的紧密合作;从1到10或从10到100,更多靠的是标准与监管。每个国家法规不同、环境不同,技术必须本地化才能落地。”
"From 0 to 1 is more about technology, clinical needs, and close collaboration with the clinical side. However, from 1 to 10 or from 10 to 100 is more about criteria and regulation. Each country has different regulations and environments, so technology must be localized to succeed."


“我们需要将监管视为朋友,而不是试图阻止我们做事的人。没有监管,技术就无法大规模普及。”
“We need to treat regulation as a friend, not as someone that's trying to prevent us from doing things. Without regulation, no technology can go to scale.”




25年回望,基因组学改变了改变了我们的生活,也敢变了我们理解生命的范式。但每一位报告人的金句都在提醒我们:最激动人心的篇章,还在未来。


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